Basa reiyo mvura yekristaro inoratidzira magetsi emagetsi dunhu rinonyanya kushandura iyo 220V mains simba kuita akasiyana akagadzikana akananga mafungu anodiwa pakushanda kweiyo liquid crystal kuratidza, uye nekupa kushanda kwemagetsi kune akasiyana maseketi ekudzora, logic maseketi, control panel, nezvimwe. . mune yekristaro yemvura kuratidza, uye kugadzikana kwayo kwekushanda Inobata zvakananga kana iyo LCD yekutarisa inogona kushanda zvakajairika.
1. Mamiriro emvura crystal anoratidza simba rekupa dunhu
Iyo liquid crystal inoratidzira simba rekupa dunhu rinonyanya kugadzira 5V, 12V inoshanda voltage.Pakati pavo, iyo 5V voltage inonyanya kupa kushanda kwemagetsi kune logic yedunhu rebhodhi guru uye mwenje wechiratidzo pane pani yekushandisa;iyo 12V voltage inonyanya kupa simba rekushanda repamusoro-voltage board uye bhodhi rekutyaira.
Iyo simba redunhu rinonyanya kuumbwa nesefa wedunhu, bhiriji rectifier sefa yedunhu, main switch wedunhu, switching transformer, rectifier sefa wedunhu, kudzivirira dunhu, nyoro yekutanga dunhu, PWM controller zvichingodaro.
Pakati pavo, basa reiyo AC sefa yedunhu ndeyekubvisa yakakwira-frequency kupindira mune mains (mutsara wefirita wedunhu kazhinji unoumbwa neresistors, capacitors uye inductors);basa rebhiriji rectifier sefa yedunhu kushandura 220V AC kuita 310V DC;switch circuit Basa rekugadzirisa sefa redunhu ndere kushandura simba reDC rinenge 310V kuburikidza nechubhu yekuchinja uye switching transformer kuita pulse voltages akasiyana amplitudes;basa rekugadzirisa mafirita redunhu ndere kushandura pulse voltage inobuda neiyo switching transformer kuita yakakosha voltage 5V inodiwa nemutoro mushure mekugadzirisa uye kusefa uye 12V;Basa rekudzivirira kwe overvoltage dunhu nderokudzivirira kukuvadzwa kwechubhu yekuchinja kana switching simba rekupa rinokonzerwa nemutoro usina kujairika kana zvimwe zvikonzero;basa rePWM controller nderekudzora kuchinjika kwechubhu yekuchinja uye kutonga dunhu zvinoenderana nemhinduro yevoltage yedunhu redziviriro.
Chechipiri, iyo yekushanda musimboti weiyo liquid crystal inoratidza magetsi ekupa wedunhu
Iyo magetsi emagetsi dunhu reiyo liquid crystal kuratidza kazhinji inotora switching yedunhu modhi.Iri dunhu remagetsi rinoshandura AC 220V yekupinza voltage kuita DC voltage kuburikidza nekugadzirisa uye kusefa wedunhu, uyezve inochekwa nechubhu yekuchinja uye inodzika pasi nepamusoro-frequency transformer kuti iwane yakakwirira-frequency rectangular wave voltage.Mushure mekugadzirisa uye kusefa, iyo DC voltage inodiwa neimwe module yeLCD inobuda.
Izvi zvinotevera zvinotora AOCLM729 liquid crystal display semuenzaniso kutsanangura musimboti wekushanda weiyo liquid crystal display power supply circuit.Iyo simba redunhu reAOCLM729 liquid crystal display rinonyanya kuumbwa AC sefa wedunhu, bhiriji rectifier wedunhu, yakapfava yekutanga dunhu, main switch wedunhu, rectifier sefa wedunhu, overvoltage kudzivirira wedunhu zvichingodaro.
Mufananidzo wemuviri webhodhi redunhu remagetsi:
Schematic dhayagiramu yemagetsi wedunhu:
- AC sefa redunhu
Basa reiyo AC sefa redunhu ndere kusefa kunze ruzha rwakaunzwa neiyo AC yekupinza mutsara uye kudzvanya ruzha rwemhinduro rwunogadzirwa mukati memagetsi.
Ruzha rwuri mukati memagetsi emagetsi rinonyanya kusanganisira yakajairika modhi ruzha uye yakajairika ruzha.Kune imwe-phase magetsi ekupa, kune 2 AC magetsi waya uye 1 pasi waya padivi rekupinza.Ruzha rwunogadzirwa pakati petambo mbiri dzemagetsi eAC newaya yepasi padivi rekuisa magetsi iruzha rwakajairika;ruzha runogadzirwa pakati pematambo emagetsi eAC iruzha rwenguva dzose.Iyo AC sefa yedunhu inonyanya kushandiswa kusefa kunze idzi mbiri mhando dzeruzha.Mukuwedzera, inoshandawo sedunhu overcurrent kudzivirira uye overvoltage kudzivirira.Pakati pavo, iyo fuse inoshandiswa pakudzivirira kwepamusoro, uye varistor inoshandiswa pakupinza voltage overvoltage kudzivirira.Nhamba iri pazasi ndiyo dhizaini ye AC sefa redunhu.
Mumufananidzo, inductors L901, L902, uye capacitors C904, C903, C902, uye C901 vanogadzira EMI sefa.Inductors L901 uye L902 anoshandiswa kusefa yakaderera frequency yakajairika ruzha;C901 uye C902 anoshandiswa kusefa yakaderera frequency yakajairika ruzha;C903 uye C904 anoshandiswa kusefa yakakwira frequency yakajairika ruzha uye yakajairika ruzha (yakakwira frequency electromagnetic interference);ikozvino kumisa resistor R901 uye R902 inoshandiswa kuburitsa iyo capacitor kana iyo plug yemagetsi isina kuvharwa;inishuwarenzi F901 inoshandiswa kudzivirira overcurrent, uye varistor NR901 inoshandiswa pakupinza voltage overvoltage dziviriro.
Kana iyo plug yemagetsi yekristaro yemvura inoratidzwa yaiswa musocket yemagetsi, iyo 220V AC inopfuura nepakati pefuse F901 uye varistor NR901 kudzivirira kuvhiya, uye yobva yapfuura nepakati pedunhu rine capacitors C901, C902, C903, C904, resistors R901, R902, uye inductors L901, L902.Pinda bhiriji rectifier redunhu mushure meiyo anti-kupindira redunhu.
2. Bridge rectifier filter circuit
Basa rebhiriji rectifier sefa yedunhu kushandura iyo 220V AC kuita DC voltage mushure mekugadzirisa-yakazara-wave, uye wozoshandura iyo voltage kuita kaviri mains voltage mushure mekusefa.
Iyo bhiriji rectifier sefa yedunhu inonyanya kuumbwa nebhiriji rectifier DB901 uye sefa capacitor C905..
Mumufananidzo, bhiriji rectifier rinoumbwa ne 4 rectifier diode, uye sefa capacitor ndeye 400V capacitor.Kana iyo 220V AC mains ikasefa, inopinda mukugadzirisa bhiriji.Mushure mekugadzirisa bhiriji kuita yakazara-wave kugadzirisa pane AC mains, inova DC voltage.Ipapo iyo DC voltage inoshandurwa kuita 310V DC voltage kuburikidza nesefa capacitor C905.
3. soft start circuit
Basa rekutanga rakapfava redunhu nderokudzivirira iyo pakarepo kukanganisa ikozvino pane capacitor kuve nechokwadi cheyakajairika uye yakavimbika kushanda kweiyo switching magetsi.Sezvo magetsi ekutanga pane capacitor ari zero panguva iyo siketi yekupinza inobatidzwa, hombe yekukurumidza inrush ikozvino inogadzirwa, uye iyi yazvino inozokonzera kuti fuse yekupinda ivhuvhute, saka dunhu rakapfava rinoda be set.Iyo yakapfava yekutanga yedunhu inonyanya kuumbwa nekutanga resistors, rectifier diode, uye mafirita capacitors.Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo ndiyo dhiyabhorosi dhizaini yekunyorova kwekutanga wedunhu.
Mumufananidzo, iwo anopikisa R906 uye R907 akaenzana resistors e1MΩ.Sezvo izvi zvinopikisa zvine kukosha kukuru kwekupikisa, kushanda kwavo ikozvino kuduku zvikuru.Kana magetsi ekuchinja achangotangwa, iyo yekutanga kushanda ikozvino inodiwa neSG6841 inowedzerwa kune yekuisa terminal (pini 3) yeSG6841 mushure mekudzikiswa ne300V DC yakakwira voltage kuburikidza neanopikisa R906 neR907 kuona kutanga kwakapfava. .Kana iyo switching chubhu yachinja kuita yakajairika kushanda mamiriro, iyo yakakwira-frequency voltage yakadzikwa pane switching transformer inogadziridzwa uye kusefa neinodzoreredza diode D902 uye sefa capacitor C907, uye yozova iyo inoshanda voltage yeSG6841 chip, uye yekutanga- up process yapera.
4. chikuru chinja redunhu
Basa reiyo main switch wedunhu kuwana yakakwira-frequency rectangular wave voltage kuburikidza nekuchinja chubhu kutema uye yakakwirira-frequency transformer nhanho-pasi.
Iyo huru switching circuit inonyanya kuumbwa ne switching chubhu, PWM controller, switching transformer, overcurrent protection circuit, high voltage protection circuit nezvimwe zvakadaro.
Mumufananidzo, SG6841 inodzora PWM, inova musimboti weiyo switching magetsi.Inogona kuburitsa chiratidzo chekutyaira ine frequency yakagadziriswa uye inogadziriswa pulse hupamhi, uye kudzora iyo-off mamiriro eiyo switching chubhu, nekudaro kugadzirisa inobuda voltage kuti iwane chinangwa chekudzikamisa voltage..Q903 is a switching chubhu, T901 is a switching transformer, uye dunhu rinoumbwa nevoltage regulator chubhu ZD901, resistor R911, transistors Q902 uye Q901, uye resistor R901 is overvoltage dziviriro redunhu.
Kana iyo PWM ikatanga kushanda, iyo 8th pini yeSG6841 inoburitsa rectangular pulse wave (kazhinji frequency yekubuda pulse ndeye 58.5kHz, uye basa kutenderera i11.4%).Iyo pulse inodzora switching chubhu Q903 kuita switching chiito zvinoenderana neayo kushanda frequency.Kana iyo switching chubhu Q903 ikaramba ichibatidzwa/kudzima kuti igadzire yekuzvifadza oscillation, transformer T901 inotanga kushanda uye inogadzira oscillating voltage.
Kana iyo yekubuda terminal yepini 8 yeSG6841 yakakwira mwero, iyo switching chubhu Q903 inobatidzwa, uye ipapo iyo yekutanga coil ye switching transformer T901 ine ikozvino inoyerera kuburikidza nayo, iyo inogadzira yakanaka uye yakaipa voltages;panguva imwecheteyo, chechipiri che transformer chinobudisa maitiro akanaka uye asina kunaka.Panguva ino, iyo diode D910 pane yechipiri inogurwa, uye iyi nhanho ndiyo nhanho yekuchengetedza simba;kana iyo yekubuda terminal yepini 8 yeSG6841 iri padanho rakaderera, switch chubhu Q903 inogurwa, uye iripo pane yekutanga coil ye switching transformer T901 inochinja ipapo.iri 0, simba re electromotive rekutanga rakaderera rakanaka uye repamusoro risina kunaka, uye simba re electromotive repamusoro rakanaka uye rezasi risina kunaka rinokonzerwa pane yechipiri.Panguva ino, diode D910 inovhurwa uye inotanga kubuda magetsi.
(1) Overcurrent kudzivirira circuit
Nheyo yekushanda ye overcurrent protection circuit ndiyo inotevera.
Mushure mekunge switch chubhu Q903 yavhurwa, yazvino inoyerera ichibva kudhireni ichienda kunobva switch chubhu Q903, uye voltage ichagadzirwa paR917.Resistor R917 ndeyezvino yekuona resistor, uye voltage inogadzirwa nayo inowedzerwa zvakananga kune isiri-inverting yekuisa terminal yeiyo overcurrent yekuona comparator yePWM controller SG6841 chip (inoti pini 6), chero bedzi voltage ichipfuura 1V, iyo ichaita iyo PWM controller SG6841 yemukati Iyo yazvino yekudzivirira yedunhu inotanga, kuitira kuti 8th pini inomira kubuda pulse mafungu, uye switching chubhu uye switching transformer inomira kushanda kuti ione kuchengetedzwa kwepamusoro-ikozvino.
(2) High voltage protection circuit
Nheyo yekushanda yeyepamusoro voltage yekudzivirira wedunhu ndeiyi inotevera.
Kana iyo grid voltage ichiwedzera kupfuura iyo yakanyanya kukosha, iyo inobuda voltage yeiyo transformer mhinduro coil ichawedzerawo.Iyo voltage ichapfuura 20V, panguva ino iyo voltage regulator chubhu ZD901 yakaputsika, uye kudonha kwemagetsi kunoitika pane resistor R911.Kana kudonha kwemagetsi kuri 0.6V, iyo transistor Q902 inovhurwa, uye ipapo hwaro hweiyo transistor Q901 inova yakakwirira, kuitira kuti transistor Q901 zvakare yakavhurwa.Panguva imwecheteyo, diode D903 inobatidzwawo, zvichiita kuti pini yechina yePWM controller SG6841 chip igadzirwe, zvichiita kuti pave nekanguva kapfupi-circuit ikozvino, izvo zvinoita kuti PWM controller SG6841 ikurumidze kudzima pulse kubuda.
Uye zvakare, mushure mekunge transistor Q902 yavhurwa, iyo 15V referensi voltage yepini 7 yePWM controller SG6841 yakadzikwa zvakananga kuburikidza neresistor R909 uye transistor Q901.Nenzira iyi, magetsi emagetsi emagetsi ePWM controller SG6841 chip anova 0, mutongi wePWM anomira kuburitsa mafungu emhepo, uye switching chubhu uye switching transformer inomira kushanda kuti iwane yakakwirira-voltage dziviriro.
5. Rectifier filter circuit
Basa rekugadzirisa sefa redunhu kugadzirisa uye kusefa inobuda voltage ye transformer kuti uwane yakagadzikana DC voltage.Nekuda kwekudonha inductance kweiyo switching transformer uye spike yakakonzerwa nekudzoreredza kudzoreredza ikozvino kweinobuda diode, ese ari maviri anoumba inogona kukanganiswa yemagetsi.Naizvozvo, kuti uwane yakachena 5V uye 12V voltages, inobuda voltage yeiyo switching transformer inofanirwa kugadziriswa uye kusefa.
Iyo rectifier sefa yedunhu inonyanya kuumbwa diode, mafirita resistors, mafirita capacitors, mafirita inductors, nezvimwe.
Mumufananidzo, iyo RC sefa yedunhu (resistor R920 uye capacitor C920, resistor R922 uye capacitor C921) yakabatana yakafanana neiyo diode D910 uye D912 pachikamu chechipiri chinobuda cheiyo switching transformer T901 inoshandiswa kutora simba rekuvhiya rinogadzirwa pamhepo. Diode D910 uye D912.
Iyo LC sefa inoumbwa ne diode D910, capacitor C920, resistor R920, inductor L903, capacitors C922 uye C924 inogona kusefa kukanganiswa kwemagetsi kweiyo 12V voltage inobuda netransformer uye kuburitsa yakagadzikana 12V voltage.
Iyo LC sefa inoumbwa ne diode D912, capacitor C921, resistor R921, inductor L904, capacitors C923 uye C925 inogona kusefa kukanganiswa kwemagetsi kweiyo 5V inobuda voltage yetransformer uye kuburitsa yakagadzikana 5V voltage.
6. 12V / 5V regulator control circuit
Sezvo iyo 220V AC mains simba richichinja mukati meimwe nhanho, kana mains simba rasimuka, iyo inobuda voltage yetransformer mudunhu remagetsi inokwirawo zvinoenderana.Kuti uwane yakagadzikana 5V uye 12V voltages, Regulator dunhu.
Iyo 12V / 5V voltage regulator circuit inonyanya kuumbwa neiyo chaiyo voltage regulator (TL431), optocoupler, PWM controller, uye voltage divider resistor.
Mumufananidzo, IC902 ndeye optocoupler, IC903 ndeye chaiyo voltage regulator, uye resistors R924 uye R926 ndiwo voltage divider resistors.
Kana magetsi emagetsi ari kushanda, iyo 12V inobuda DC voltage inopatsanurwa nevanopikisa R924 neR926, uye voltage inogadzirwa paR926, iyo inowedzerwa zvakananga kuTL431 precision voltage regulator (kune R terminal).Inogona kuzivikanwa kubva pakupikisa paramita padunhu Iyi voltage inongokwana kuvhura iyo TL431.Nenzira iyi, iyo 5V voltage inogona kuyerera kuburikidza neoptocoupler uye chaiyo voltage regulator.Kana iyo yazvino ichiyerera kuburikidza neoptocoupler LED, iyo optocoupler IC902 inotanga kushanda uye inopedzisa voltage sampling.
Kana iyo 220V AC mains voltage ichikwira uye magetsi ekubuda achikwira zvinoenderana, ikozvino inoyerera kuburikidza neoptocoupler IC902 ichawedzerawo zvinoenderana, uye kupenya kwechiedza-emitting diode mukati me optocoupler kuchawedzerawo zvinoenderana.Iko kupikisa kwemukati kwe phototransistor kunovawo kuduku panguva imwe chete, kuitira kuti dhigirii yekufambisa ye phototransistor terminal ichasimbiswawo.Kana iyo conduction degree yephototransistor yakasimbiswa, iyo voltage yepini 2 yePWM simba controller SG6841 chip ichadonha panguva imwe chete.Sezvo iyi voltage ichiwedzerwa kune inverting yekupinza yemukati kukanganisa amplifier yeSG6841, iyo yebasa kutenderera kweinobuda pulse yeSG6841 inodzorwa kudzikisa inobuda voltage.Nenzira iyi, iyo overvoltage inobuda mhinduro loop inoumbwa kuti iite basa rekudzikamisa chinobuda, uye inobuda voltage inogona kudzikamiswa pakutenderedza 12V uye 5V kubuda.
zano:
An optocoupler inoshandisa mwenje sepakati kutumira masaini emagetsi.Iyo ine yakanaka yekuzviparadzanisa mhedzisiro pane yekupinza uye kubuda masaini emagetsi, saka inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaseketi akasiyana.Parizvino, yave imwe yeakasiyana uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya optoelectronic zvishandiso.An optocoupler kazhinji ine zvikamu zvitatu: mwenje emission, mwenje kugamuchira, uye chiratidzo chekusimudzira.Chiratidzo chemagetsi chinopinza chinotyaira chiedza-emitting diode (LED) kuti ibudise chiedza cheimwe wavelength, inotambirwa nephotodetector kuti ibudise photocurrent, iyo inowedzerwa nekubuda.Izvi zvinopedzisa kushandura kwemagetsi-optical-electrical, nokudaro kutamba basa rekuisa, kubuda, uye kuzviparadzanisa.Sezvo kupinza uye kubuda kweoptocoupler zvakaparadzaniswa kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, uye magetsi emagetsi ekufambisa ane maitiro eunidirectionality, ane simba rakanaka rekudzivirira magetsi uye simba rekudzivirira-kupindira.Uye nekuti iyo yekupinza yekupedzisira ye optocoupler chinhu chakaderera-impedance chinoshanda mune yazvino modhi, ine yakasimba yakajairika-modhi yekuramba kugona.Naizvozvo, inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya chiratidzo-kune-ruzha reshiyo sechinhu chekupedzisira chekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe mukufambiswa kwenguva refu kweruzivo.Sechishandiso chekushandisa chechiratidzo chekuzviparadzanisa mukombuta yedhijitari yekukurukurirana uye chaiyo-nguva kutonga, inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya kuvimbika kwebasa rekombuta.
7. overvoltage protection circuit
Basa reiyo overvoltage kudzivirira wedunhu kuona kubuda kwevoltage yeinobuda wedunhu.Kana iyo inobuda voltage yetransformer ichikwira zvisina kujairika, iyo pulse kubuda inodzimwa nePWM controller kuzadzisa chinangwa chekudzivirira dunhu.
Iyo overvoltage yekudzivirira yedunhu inonyanya kuumbwa nePWM controller, optocoupler, uye voltage regulator chubhu.Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pamusoro, iyo voltage regulator chubhu ZD902 kana ZD903 mudhiyabhorosi schematic diagraph inoshandiswa kuona inobuda voltage.
Kana iyo yechipiri inobuda voltage yeiyo switching transformer ichikwira zvisina kujairika, iyo voltage regulator chubhu ZD902 kana ZD903 ichaputswa, izvo zvichaita kuti kupenya kwechiedza-emitting chubhu mukati me optocoupler kuwedzera zvisina kujairika, zvichikonzera pini yechipiri yePWM controller. kuti apfuure nepa optocoupler.Iyo phototransistor mukati memudziyo yakadzikwa, mutongi wePWM anokurumidza kucheka kuburitsa kwepini 8, uye switching chubhu uye switching transformer inomira kushanda nekukasira kuzadzisa chinangwa chekudzivirira dunhu.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-07-2023